Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy (Fam. Convolvulaceae),Bindweed,Shankhapushpi, Sankhava,Shankhapushpi

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You are here: Home > All Herbs > Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy (Fam. Convolvulaceae)

Bindweed

	History
	Habitat
	Morphology
	Principal Constituents
	Toxicology
	Indications
	Clinical Tests
	Related Products

English Name

Bindweed

Latin Name

Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy (Fam. Convolvulaceae)

Hindi Name

Shankhapushpi

Sanskrit Name

Shankhapushpi, Sankhava

Habitat

It consists of whole plant of Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy (Fam. Convolvulaceae); a prostrate, sub-erect, spreading, hairy, perennial herb with a woody root stock, found throughout India.

Morphology

a) Macroscopic Root - Usually branched, cylindrical, ribbed having some rough stem nodules and small secondary roots, 1-5 cm long, 0.1-0.4 cm thick, yellowish-brown to light brown. Stem - Slender, cylindrical, about 0.1 cm or less in thickness with clear hairy nodes and internodes; light green. Leaf - Shortly petiolate, linear-lanceolate, acute, hairy on both surfaces; 0.5-2 cm long and 0.1-0.5 cm broad; light green. Flower - White or pinkish; solitary or in pairs sessile or sub-sessile in the leaf axis; sepals narrowly, linear-lanceolate, sparsely hairy; corolla shortly discoid; stamen 5, free, epipetalous, alternate with the petals, inserted deep in the corolla tube; ovary superior and bicarpellary. Fruit - Capsule, oblong globose with coriaceous, pale brown pericarp. Seed - Brown; minutely puberulous. b) Microscopic Root - Appears nearly circular in outline; cork composed of 10-15 layers of tangentially elongated, thick-walled cells; cortex composed of 6-10 layers of oval to elongated, elliptical, parenchymatous cells and yellowish-brown, tanniniferous, secretory cells present in this region; phloem composed of sieve elements, phloem parenchyma and phloem rays; xylem consisting of usual elements; vessels solitary or in groups of two with simple pits; fibres and tracheids aseptate and pitted; medullary rays 1-3 cells wide and multicellular in length; starch grains solitary or in groups, simple and composed of 2-3 components, round to oval in shape, measuring 3-8 µ in dia., present in cortex, phloem, xylem rays and parenchyma. Stem - Shows single layered epidermis, covered with thick cuticle; at places unicellular hairs present; cortex differentiated in two zones, 2-3 upper collenchymatous and 1-2 lower parenchymatous layers, both having round to oval, elongated, thin- walled cells; endoderrnis single layered; pericycle present in the form of single strand of fibres; phloem a narrow zone, mostly composed of sieve elements and parenchyma; xylem consists of vessels, fibres and parenchyma; medullary rays and tracheids not distinct, vessels mostly solitary with spiral thickening; fibres aseptate having pointed ends and narrow lumen; strand of internal phloem present around the slightly lignified pith. Midrib - appears convex in lower and concave in upper side; epidermis single layered, covered with thick cuticle; lower epidermis followed by 2-3 layers of chlorenchymatous cells; vascular bundle bicollateral, composed of usual elements of phloem and xylem; rest of tissue between chlorenchyrna and vascular bundles composed of 4-5 layers of parenchymatous cells. Lamina - shows epidermis on both surfaces covered with thick cuticle; hairs unicellular, present on both surfaces, palisade two layered, spongy parenchyma 4-5 layered; a few bicollateral vascular bundles present in spongy parenchyma; palisade ratio 6-9; vein islet number 21-25 per sq. mm. , stomatal index in lower surface 17-20 and in upper surface, 13.8-17.0; stomatal number in lower surface 184-248, and in upper surface 202-238 per sq. mm. Powder - Light yellowish-green; shows groups of vessels with sprial thickening and simple pits, fibres and tracheids, simple and compound starch grains, measuring 3 - 8 µ in dia., unicellular hairs, mesophyll cells and gives positive test for tannin.

Principal Constituents Pharmacology

The plant contains alkaloids convolvine, convolamine, phyllabine, convolidine, confoline, convoline, subhirsine, convosine, and convolvidine along with scopoline and ß-sitostero

Indications

The plant is reported to be a prominent memory-improving drug. It is used as a psycho-stimulant and tranquilizer. It is reported to reduce mental tension. The ethanolic extract of the plant reduces total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and non-esterified fatty- acids.

Clinical Test

Clinical studies were conducted on 25 cases of arterial hypertension with the decoction of the drug. A gradual fall in blood pressure along with relief in the symptoms was observed

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