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Hibiscus abelmoschus Linn. Syn. Abelmoschus moschatus Medik (Fam. Malvaceae) |
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 English Name |
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Musk Mallow, Ambrette Plant |
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Latin Name |
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Hibiscus abelmoschus Linn. Syn. Abelmoschus moschatus Medik (Fam. Malvaceae) |
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Hindi Name |
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Sanskrit Name |
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Latakasturi, Gandapura, Kasturilatika |
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History |
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This plant is cultivated for its musk-scented seeds that are used in perfumes and medicine. In Malaysia, it is mixed with cosmetics and used to perfume hair. |
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Habitat |
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It consists of seed of Hibiscus abelmoschus Linn. Syn. Abelmoschus moschatus Medik (Fam. Malvaceae), an evergreen shrub about 1.22 m in height cultivated in hotter parts of India. |
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Morphology
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a) Macroscopic
Seeds greyish-brown and blackish, not velvety to touch, kidney-shaped, slightly compressed with shallow depressions on both sides, marked with minute parallel ridges and furrows; hilum small and distinct; odour, musk-like; no taste.
b) Microscopic
Shows two integuments, outer integument forms ridges and furrows; epidermis consists of single layered tangentially elongated cells, followed by 1 to 3 layers of thin-walled tangentially elongated cells in the region of furrows; 1 to 4 rows of rounded, thick-walled cells containing yellowish-brown masses with 1 or 2 of the upper most rows thin-walled, tangentially elongated and pointed cells present in the region of ridges; inner integument represented by palisade like cells, containing some granular masses followed by thin and thick-walled parenchyma; the thick-walled being 4 to 8 layered, compactly arranged, tangentially elongated, having reddish-brown contents, followed by the thin-walled and colourless cells; 8 to 12 layers of cells large, isodiametric to oval; a single layer of tangentially elongated cells present; cotyledons two, consisting of single layered cubical to irregular cells of epidermis covered by cuticle and followed by a single layered palisade like cells; the rest of the cotyledons consists of 4 to 6 rows of thin-walled, isodiametric cells filled with granular masses; lower epidermis composed of a single layer of cells covered with cuticle.
Powder - Greyish-brown; shows brown coloured parenchyma cells, rounded, thick walled cells, a few palisade cells and polygonal and straight walls epidermal cells in surface view
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Principal Constituents Pharmacology
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The oil from the seeds is rich in linoleic acid and contains a-cephalin, phosphatidylserine, its plasmalogen and phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen. The characteristic musk-like odor of the seed oil is mainly due to the presence of a ketone, ambrettelide, a lactone of ambrettolic acid. The chemical constituents of the essential oil of the seeds are: trans-2-trans-6-farnesyl acetate and ambrettolide, cis-2-cis-6- farnesyl acetate, cis-2-trans-6-farnesyl acetate, ethyl hexadecanate, ethyl laurate and trans-2-trans-6-farnesol |
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Toxicology
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Indications
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The seeds are valued medicinally for their diuretic, demulcent and stomachic properties. They are also said to be stimulant, antiseptic, cooling, tonic, carminative and aphrodisiac. |
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Clinical Test
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