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Anacyclus pyrethrum DC. (Fam. Asteraceae) |
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 English Name |
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Latin Name |
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Anacyclus pyrethrum DC. (Fam. Asteraceae) |
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Hindi Name |
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Sanskrit Name |
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History |
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It is native to Arabia and Syria, But is also found in the Indian market. The Sanskrit name itself is nearly same as the Arabic name. It possesses powerful stimulant properties. It is also used in rheumatic affections. |
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Habitat |
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It consists of dried roots of Anacyclus pyrethrum DC. (Fam. Asteraceae); an annual, hairy herb with numerous spreading prostrate or ascending branched stems. |
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Morphology
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a) Macroscopic
Roots tough, cylindrical, 7-15 cm in length, tapering slightly at both ends, with a few hairy rootlets and occasionally topped by bristly remains of leaves, external surface rough, brown, shrivelled, bark upto 3 mm thick, not easily separable, odour, slightly aromatic, taste, characteristically astringent and pungent, on chewing gives tingling sensation to tongue and lips and causes excessive flow of saliva.
b) Microscopic
Root - Mature root shows cork consisting of tabular cells, many of which developed as sclerenchyma; a few innercork cells contain rosette crystals of calcium oxalate; secondary cortex consisting of isodiametric or tangentially, elongated, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells; a few sclerenchymatous cells also found scattered in secondary cortex; secondary phloem consisting of usual elements, cambium 2-5 layered, secondary xylem very wide consisting of xylem vessels, tracheids and xylem parenchyma; vessels pitted, more or less in groups distributed throughout xylem, more and wider vessels found towards peripery, xylem fibres thick-walled, 1.37-28.8 µ in width, 53.2 - 231 µ in length having narrow lumen, medullary rays numerous, running straight, bi to tri and multiseriate, uniseriate rays very rare, starting from primary xylem and reaching upto secondary cortex; ray cells thick-walled, radially elongated, inulin present in cells of secondary cortex, secondary phloem and medullary rays; oleo-resinous schizogenous glands found scattered in secondary cortex, secondary phloem and medullary rays; calcium oxalate crystals in rosette form present in secondary cortex, secondary phloem, secondary xylem and medullary ray cells.
Powder - Ash coloured; shows vessels having scalariform thickening, rosette crystals of calcium oxalate and fragments of sclerenchyma; also gives positive tests for inulin.
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Principal Constituents Pharmacology
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Volatile oil and Alkaloid (Pyrethrin). The roots contain anacyclin |
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Toxicology
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There is no adverse effect reported on this plant. |
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Indications
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They have a slight aromatic smell and a persistent, pungent taste, exciting a remarkable flow of saliva. It possesses stimulant and rubifacient properties. |
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Clinical Test
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It is one of the ingredients of a drug which cures male sexual disorders without any toxic effect |
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