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 English Name |
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Fleurs de Lavande, Lavanda, Lavandin |
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Latin Name |
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Lavandula officinalis Choix |
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Hindi Name |
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Sanskrit Name |
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History |
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Lavender has scented washing water and baths since the Romans named it after lavare “to wash”. The Lavandula vera plant is known as “el khzama” in Morocco, where the
dried flowers are an important ingredient in a herb and spice mixture known literally as “top of the shop.” Ancient Egyptians created mummification casts that would last indefinitely by soaking linen in oil of lavender containing asphalt, wrapping the bodies with these and drying them in the sun until the casts
were hard. The color lavender is named for the flower. In the Victorian language of flowers, lavender signifies distrust. In North Africa, lavender is used to protect the Kabyle women
from being mistreated by their husbands. |
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Habitat |
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Lavandula angustifolia (also Lavandula spica or Lavandula vera; Common Lavender, True lavender, or English Lavender (though not native to England); formerly L. officinalis) is a flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to the western Mediterranean region, primarily in the Pyrenees and other mountains in northern Spain. |
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Morphology
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Lavender is a heavily branched short shrub that grows to a height of roughly 60 centimeters. Its broad rootstock bears woody branches with erect, rod-like, leafy, green shoots. A silvery down covers the gray-green narrow leaves, which are oblong and tapered, attached directly at the base, and curled spirally. The oil in lavender's small, blue-violet flowers gives the herb its fragrant scent. The flowers are arranged in spirals of 6 - 10 blossoms, forming interrupted spikes above the foliage. |
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Principal Constituents Pharmacology
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Fresh flower spikes and leaves yield 0.8%-2% volatile oil comprising of 30%-40% esters chiefly l-linalyacetate;giraneol, linalool, limonene, cineole, esters of butyric and valeric acids and a sesquiterpine |
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Toxicology
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Indications
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Human clinical studies have reported that lavender essential oil may be beneficial in a variety of conditions, including insomnia, alopecia (hair loss), anxiety, stress, postoperative pain, and as an antibacterial and antiviral agent. Lavender oil is also used together with other forms of integrative medicine, such as massage, acupuncture, and chiropractic manipulation. |
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Clinical Test
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The diuretic activity of an infusion of Lavandula officinalis was studied in the Wistar rat. Thus, the kinetics of hydroelectrolytic elimination in response to the oral administration of an infusion of pharmaceutical lavender flowers were measured in the rats. Experiments were completed under similar conditions using a synthetic pharmacological diuretic, Diamox. The aqueous extract of this aromatic plant accelerated the elimination of the water overload. At the peak of the diuretic response, urinary osmolarity was significantly less than that of controls (111+/-14 vs. 195+/-11 mosmol x kg(-1)). Sodium excretion was moderate following administration of the infusion when compared to the synthetic diuretic. The stability of the aldosterone concentrations in the plasma and the absence of correlation with plasma sodium concentrations, coupled with the observed clearance of the free water (0.055+/-0.007 vs. 0.045+/-0.012 mL x min(-1)) show that the increase in diuresis and the moderate increase in sodium excretion are of tubular origin. The result of the phytochemical analysis of hexane extracts in the infusion and in urine indicated that four or five chemical factors may be involved in the diuretic effect of lavender. |
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